What type of protocol is Token Ring?

Token Ring is classified as a peer-to-peer protocol, which means that each device on the network has the ability to communicate directly with other devices without a central server managing the communication. In a Token Ring network, devices are connected in a ring configuration and pass a token around the ring. A device must hold this token to send data, ensuring that only one device can transmit at a time to avoid collisions. This characteristic embodies the peer-to-peer nature, where each device has equal responsibilities and authority over the communication process.

The peer-to-peer model is beneficial because it allows for decentralized communication, enhancing the network's resilience. Additionally, it facilitates more efficient data transfer since only the device with the token can transmit, reducing the chances of network congestion. This structure is particularly effective in small to medium-sized networks where ease of management and balanced resource sharing is desired.