What is the primary function of a hub in a network?

A hub is a basic networking device that operates at the physical layer of the OSI model. Its primary function is to facilitate communication between multiple devices on a network by copying incoming data packets and broadcasting them to all connected devices. This means that when a device sends a packet of data to the hub, the hub does not interpret the data or determine its intended destination; instead, it simply sends a copy of the packet out to every other port that is connected, regardless of the recipient. This broadcast method means that all connected devices receive the data, but only the intended recipient processes it.

While it might seem inefficient, this simplicity allows hubs to serve as an easy means of connecting multiple devices in a local area network (LAN). They do not manage IP addresses, route data to specific destinations like switches do, or provide security measures such as encryption. Therefore, the correct understanding of a hub’s role in a network environment underscores its broadcasting feature.