In a star network topology, how are all network devices connected?

In a star network topology, all devices are connected through a central hub or switch. This setup allows each device to communicate with the hub or switch directly, which acts as a central point for managing data traffic within the network. When a device wants to send data to another device, it sends the data to the central hub or switch, which then relays that data to the intended recipient. This structure not only simplifies network management but also enhances the reliability of the connections; if one device fails, it does not affect the rest of the network, as each device is independently connected to the central hub or switch. This centralization also makes troubleshooting easier since any issues can typically be isolated to the hub or individual connections.