ESS systems primarily operate at which Systems Level?

Executive Support Systems (ESS) are designed to provide senior management with the tools needed to make strategic decisions. These systems focus on aggregating and presenting data from various sources to facilitate high-level analysis and long-term planning. They often include features like dashboards and visualizations that highlight key performance indicators and trends.

At the strategic level, the emphasis is on overall organizational goals, external factors, and broader competitive landscapes that inform decision-makers. ESS streamline the process of gathering and interpreting complex data, allowing for informed decision-making at the top tier of management.

While other systems might cater to different operational needs—such as Management Information Systems focused more on internal processes at the management level, or Operational Systems that support day-to-day functions—ESS stands out by directly supporting strategic planning and decision-making, reflecting their primary operation at the strategic level.